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Ammonium Plumbichloride, (NH4)2PbCl6

Ammonium Plumbichloride, (NH4)2PbCl6, has been prepared in several ways. It is obtained when cold hydrochloric acid acts on lead dioxide, and ammonium chloride is added to the resulting solution; by treating lead dichloride with fuming hydrochloric acid and chlorine under pressure, and then adding ammonium chloride; by adding ammonium chloride to the solution of hydrochloroplumbic acid obtained by electrolysis, or to a solution of lead tetra-acetate in hydrochloric acid; and by the interaction of lead dichloride and ammonium persulphate in hydrochloric acid solution, thus:

(NH4)2S2O8 + PbCl2 + 4HCl = (NH4)2PbCl6 + 2H2SO4.

Ammonium plumbichloride crystallises in citron-yellow octahedra, isomorphous with (NH4)2SnCl6 and (NH4)2PtCl6. It is stable in the air, and may be heated to 115° C. without perceptible decomposition; it decomposes, however, at 225° C. This salt has been employed for chlorinating aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives.

Potassium, rubidium, and caesium plumbichlorides resemble the ammonium salt; K2PbCl6 decomposes at 190° C., Rb2PbCl6 and Cs2PbCl6 at about 280° C. The quinoline and pyridine salts, (C9H7NH)2PbCl6 and (C5H5NH)2PbCl6, respectively, have been prepared.

A number of plumbichlorides have been prepared by Gutbier and Wissmuller by mixing hydrochloroplumbic acid with solutions of metallic or substituted ammonium chlorides. These salts are anhydrous, being X2PbCl6 or (R.NH3)2PbCl6, and are obtained in minute yellow or red crystals. Compounds of the alkali metals, and derivatives of the pyridine and quinoline series, are stable; aliphatic ammonium compounds tend to decompose in the air, evolving chlorine.

Lead tetrachloride forms compounds with ammonia and organic bases.

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